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In Liming for parchment or leather processing, the hides are soaked in an alkali solution by a drum/paddle or pit-based operation where five main objectives are met. The objectives are: * Removal of interfibrillary proteins. * Removal of Keratin proteins. * Collagen swelling due to the alkaline pH. * Collagen fibre bundle splitting. * Removal of natural grease and fats〔An Introduction to the Principles of Leather Manufacture by S.S.Dutta p.160〕 Liming operations of cattle hides usually last 18 hours and are generally associated with the alkaline phase of beamhouse operations. ==Removal of interfibrillary proteins== The interfibrillary proteins are denatured by the presence of alkali (particularly sodium sulfide), rendered soluble, facilitating their removal from the leather. Removal is done by the mechanical action of liming or reliming, but more prominently when the pelt is deswelled (during deliming). Failure to remove these proteins results in a hard, tinny leather (due to fibre glueing upon drying) that is brittle and inflexible. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Liming (leather processing)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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